Indeed, the full iCloud won't sync anything. Deleted videos on an iPhone are moved to the Recently Deleted folder in the Files app, but they are only kept there for 30 days. If they are not there, you have to focus on your MacBook.
Are you sure you've checked everywhere on your MacBook Pro? Maybe the airdropped videos are on your MacBook but you didn't find them.
You can use Spotlight Search, the built-in file finder on your MacBook, to help you find the videos.
- Press Command + Space to launch Spotlight Search.
- Enter video into the search bar and check if your videos appear in the result list.
But this way may be a little bit complicated as you have a lot of videos. If you can't find them with the help of Spotlight, you probably haven't airdropped the videos to your MacBook successfully. In that case, choose iPhone data recovery software that supports permanently deleted file data recovery.